Wwii Essays - Freemen Of The City Of London,

Wwii America's involvement in World War Two When war broke out , there was no way the world could possibly know the severity of this guerre. Fortunately one country saw and understood that Germany and its allies would have to be stopped. America's Involvement in World War two not only contributed in the eventual downfall of the insane Adolph Hitler and his Third Reich, but also came at the precise time and moment. Had the united states entered the war any earlier the consequences might have been worse. Over the years it has been an often heated and debated issue on whether the united states could have entered the war sooner and thus have saved many lives. To try to understand this we must look both at the people's and government's point of view. Just after war broke out in Europe, President Roosevelt hurriedly called his cabinet and military advisors together. There it was agreed that the United states stay neutral in these affairs. One of the reasons given was that unless America was directly threatened they had no reason to be involved. This reason was a valid one because it was the American policy to stay neutral in any affairs not having to with them unless American soil was threatened directly. Thus the provisional neutrality act passed the senate by seventy-nine votes to two in 1935. On August 31, Roosevelt signed it into law. In 1936 the law was renewed, and in 1937 a comprehensive and permanent neutrality act was passed (Overy 259). The desire to avoid foreign entanglements of all kinds had been an American foreign policy for more than a century. A very real geographical Isolation permitted the United States to fill up the empty lands of North America free from the threat of foreign conflict(Churchill 563). Even if Roosevelt had wanted to do more in this European crisis (which he did not), there was a factor too often ignored by critics of American policy-American military weakness. When asked to evaluate how many troops were available if and when the United States would get involved, the army could only gather a mere one hundred thousand, when the French, Russian and Japanese armies numbered in millions. Its weapons dated from the first World War and were no match compared to the new artillery that Germany and its allies had. American soldiers were more at home with the horse than with the tank (Overy 273). The air force was just as bad if not worse. In September 1939 the Air Corps had only 800 combat aircrafts again compared with Germany's 3600 and Russia's 10,000 . American military Aviation (AMA) in 1938 was able to produce only 1,800, 300 less than Germany, and 1,400 less than Japan. Major Eisenhower, who was later Supreme commander of the Allied forces in the second World War, com plained that America was left with only a shell of military establishment (Chapman 234 ). As was evident to Roosevelt the United states military was in no way prepared to enter this European crisis. Another aspect that we have to consider is the people's views and thought's regarding the United States going to war. After all let us not forget that the American government is there for the people and by the people and therefore the people's view did play a major role in this declaration of Neutrality. In one of Roosevelt's fireside chats he said We shun political commitments which might entangle us In foreign wars...If we face the choice of profits or peace-this nation must answer, the nation will answer ?we choose peace' ,in which they did. A poll taken in 1939 revealed that ninety-four per cent of the citizens did not want the united states to enter the war. The shock of World War one had still not left ,and entering a new war, they felt, would be foolish. In the early stages of the war American Ambassador to London was quoted saying It's the end of the world, the end of everything ( Overy 261). As Richard Overy notes in The Road To War, this growing estrangement from Europe was not mere selfishness. They were the values expressed by secretary of state, Cordel Hull: a primary interest in peace with justice,

There has been something that has been polluting the radio for years

There has been something that has been polluting the radio for years. It has terrorized young people and has swept the nation by storm. This subtle evil that no one really thinks about is Country Music. The music about nothing and has no meaning and is robbing all of us by ruining our minds. It gradually eats all of our precious brain material slowly so It is time that we cleanse our wonderful nation of this evil. It is the time for us to stand up against the music that will slowly stupefy all of us if we dont crush it first. It is music that takes our sanity and runs with it, we cant continue to let it run unchallenged. If we do it will take over our country and have a grasp that we may never be able to shake loose. That we can not stand for we must make our move now before the roots become to deeply implanted into our naive society. The dangers of this pickup truck evil must be told to the population so that they can prepare. To really understand the gravity of this situation I must stress to you the amorality of this music. The messages in this music are just as bad as that of Rock and Roll which we have condemned for so long. But have we paid that much attention to the words in There is not even a glimmer of proper english the lyrics, they are filled with dialect and bumpkin slang. The words aint and lovin. Who could forget the time less country hit My Achy Breaky Heart now thats filled with bundles of proper english. What would happen if a small child grew up listening to this they would have that jargon and dialect stuck in their heads for the rest of their lives. We cant allow this to be our The lyrics from the songs seem as if they have little or no effort put into them. They have to be put together on the spot because most make no sense at all. I must

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety - Research Paper Example According to researchers people suffering from social phobia do have some family history or medical history or any incident that has caused social anxiety and social phobia to be inherent in them. One of the studies clearly shows a survey done on patients who had symptoms of social anxiety according to the results; social phobia patients have somatic symptoms, e.g. weakness in limbs, difficulty in breathing in public dizziness and faintness, etc. These symptoms showed that they already had some biological/physical weakness which was avoided by parents, but has caused strong social anxiety to them. Â  Social phobia patients were also studied in a way of conduct; how they have been conducted or treated in the family. Adolescents were asked about their relationship with their parents. Many of the patients said that they had a strict and a male dominant family; their fathers had a central role and were of the authoritarian nature, and they had an unsatisfactory relationship with their p arents, especially fathers. Â  Also, the study included patients having social phobia who had someone in their family already suffering from it, which showed that it is sometimes inherited, but not true in every case. Thus, we can conclude from the study that social phobia usually starts from mid-teenage and adolescents who are shy and are afraid of socializing are particularly at risk of developing social phobia later in their personality. Children having clingy behavior, crying, aggressiveness and excessive timidity point towards temperament that can possibly put a person at risk of developing social phobia. Some people, having social phobia, point the development of the condition to be ill-treated or socially embarrassed or humiliated. An example of it is students being bullied at school in early ages. Family environment was also a major issue discussed in the development of social phobia. Generally, anxiety disorders run in the family and certain disorders may come from a famil y history of having anxiety disorders or lean attitude or maybe, behavior from family members (Amies, Geldrand and Shaw 1983).

A Constitution and bylaws for a fictional church Research Paper

A Constitution and bylaws for a fictional church - Research Paper Example It will bear full control over all purchases and leases and to hold all mortgages with the right to dispose of property and assets [c] A reception for new members shall be held on a Sunday appointed by the board of Elders and Deacons for their admission to the church and recognition of all of their rights, privileges and responsibilities to the church. Section V11: The church membership list shall be reviewed before each Annual General Meeting to determine those members who have become inactive by the Board of Elders and Deacons. Any members who are regularly attending another church or who have not supported the church in the preceding twelve months may be placed on an inactive list and notified of this action, by the Pastor, at their last known address. Inactive members shall not be eligible to vote in church matters or receive a letter of transfer. [a] If they have abided by the rules in Article 1V, sections 2a to 2g and requested a letter of transfer. Such letter will be sent by the Clerk of the Church to the Church to which the members has applied. [b] Any member may, for whatever reason, apply to the board of Elders and Deacons to have their name taken from the list of members, without prejudice, and this request will be reviewed by the board of Elders and Deacons. [c] After a review by the board of Elders and Deacons and a vote of the church, a membership may be terminated for behavior regarded as not being in the best interest of the church or against the rules and regulations set out in this constitution. Pastor:[a1] It is the duty of the pastor to conduct all public Public Services of Worship. To perform Baptisms and Communion and all other ministry functions. He will be the leader of his congregation and visit the sick and aged. He will sit on all boards and committees of the church and have full access to all church records upon request. The Pastor will head the Pastors council. [a4] The pastors position may

Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management - Case Study Example The reason Nike Inc. has succeeded is underpinned by a myriad of factors, as shall be seen in the discussion which ensues forthwith. One of the factors that has guided Nike Inc. into success is its radical mission which currently is to lead in corporate citizenship and life, through proactive programmes that are reflective of care for the world family of Nike Inc. family, its teammates, consumers and those extend services to Nike Inc. In a closely related wavelength, Nike enjoys its chief position in corporate performance because of its objectives. Presently, Nike Inc.’s objective is to keep the cost of manufacturing down through intense competition of the industry in which Nike operates. The feasibility of this objective is underscored by the fact that many other companies that are in athletics industry use the cost of investments and operations in countries before going to a foreign market. Nike Inc.’s strategy has also helped propound it into the world’s leading sports business brand. Particularly, Nike Inc. has used partnering in import-export trade. This is seen in the instance where Nike entered into partnership with Onitsuka Tiger in 1964, to help it import Onitsuka Tiger running shoes in Japan. It is for this reason that as the 1970s came to a close, Nike Inc. had shot from 10 million dollars sales to 270 million dollar sales. It is because of this that by 1996, the company had registered revenue of 6.74 billion dollars. In 2000, the sales had reached 12 billion dollars (Goldman and Papson, 1998, 22). Another prime strategy which Nike Inc. uses is the selling of its performance equipment. Nike’s performance equipment include footwear, balls, socks, bags, bats, gloves, eyewear, electronic sports devices, time pieces and protective equipment. Alongside this, Nike also provides apparels for legitimate or licensed sports teams. To execute this strategy well, Nike Inc. uses

Concepts of Electrical Principles

Concepts of Electrical Principles Everything is made of atoms; in turn atoms consist of a combination of minuscule particles known as neutrons, protons and electrons. The nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons while electrons exist in a cloud surrounding and rotating around the nucleus. The electron and proton are capable of holding an electrical charge; electrons hold negative charges and protons positive charge. We know that like charges repel each other while opposite charges have the opposite effect in attracting one another. If we wish to measure the flow of electrons around a circuit we refer to this as a measure of electrical current. Electric current is represented by the symbol I and is a quantity of charge carriers passing a given point in a circuit. This is calculated as coulomb of charge passing a defined point in one second, which as a unit is given the name ampere abbreviated to A. This can be measured using an instrument called an ammeter which when connected in series with a circuit to measure the current passing through it. For electric current to flow around a circuit there must be a voltage across it. Voltage is a measure of the potential difference (p.d), which acts like electric pressure pushing the current around the circuit. The pressure can be read in a circuit by a voltmeter, which must be applied through the resistance. This happens when there is a deficit of electrons in a conductive material and this is then connected to another material with excess electrons. This is the case in a battery where chemicals allow electrons to flow from the negative terminal that contains an excess of electrons and the positive terminal containing positively charged protons. This happens because opposite charges attract one another. 1.4 Resistance This flow of current faces opposition from resistance; this is a quantity of how much the electrons bump against the particular conductor they are flowing through. Some materials conduct electricity better then others. Materials that have a high resistance conduct electricity less well. Resistance limits the flow of electrons between the positive and negative ends of a circuit. We measure resistance in units called ohms (ÃŽÂ ©). One ohm is defined as the amount of resistance you have in a conductor when applying one volt of electrical pressure creates one amp of current. 1.5 Energy When electrons sit high in there shells surrounding the nucleus they have electrical energy. This energy can be harnessed to do work in various ways, if the electrons bump into atoms this can cause them to move around which creates heat, they create electromagnetic waves as they travel which can use there attraction and repulsion to move things magnetically, and if the electrons move down there electric shells they give up excess energy giving out light in the manner of photons. 1.6 Charge Carriers The sub-atomic particles that carry charge are known as protons and electrons as previously discussed electrons are negatively charges while protons are positively charged. The unit to measure the quantity of electrical charge (Q) is the coulomb (C) where 1 coulomb of charge is equal to charged electrons. If one coulomb of charge passes a point in one second we say this is one ampere of current. We can use our knowledge of math to deduct that if then if we take (I) as the current in amperes and t as the time in seconds then: Electrical Principles/ Kirchhoffs Laws 2.1 Potential Difference The pull created by the difference in charge between the two sides of a circuit is called the potential difference, which is otherwise known as the voltage. Voltage sources that have higher attractive forces are known to have a higher potential difference. The units we use to measure voltage/potential difference is known as the ampere which is explained in section 1.6 as one coulomb of charge passing a given point in one second. 2.2 Ohms Law a) Ohms law relates Voltage, Current and Resistance in the following equation: I = current in amperes V = voltage in volts R = Resistance in Ohms This law states that the current I flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied to it and inversely proportional to the resistance. b) For a 5m length of wire with a resistance of 600 ohms we can apply this law. If you where to half the length of wire you would half the resistance as there would be half as much material for the electrons to bump into. c) If we where to increase the length of the wire to 8m we can see that the resistance increases as create more material for the electrons to crash into. d) To find the length of the same wire when the resistance is 420 ohms we do the following sum: So we can say that the same wire with a resistance of 420ohms would measure 3.5 meters. 2.3 Resistance Variation If a piece of wire has a cross sectional area of 2mm2 and a resistance of 300 ohms Find the resistance of the same length of wire if the cross sectional area is 5mm2. Given that resistance is inversely proportional to cross sectional area, increasing the cross sectional area increases the flow of electrons, we can calculate this mathematically as such: b) Find the cross sectional area of a wire of the same length and material of resistance 750. 2.04 Calculate the resistance of a 2km length of aluminium overhead power cable if the cross sectional area of the cable is 100mm2. Take the resistivity of aluminium to be 0.03 x 10-6 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦m Show the equation you are using in your answer. We know that and that if we combine these rules we can create the formula . With one more piece of information we will be able to take the material used into account. This is done by including the resistivity of the material into the relationship treating it as a constant of proportionality. We use the symbol à Ã‚  (Greek rho). The final equation will look like this: 2.5 Power If electrical energy (W) = Charge (Q) x Voltage (V) then :- a) Show the equation for power in terms of current( I) and voltage (V). Electrical Energy (W) = Charge (Q) x Voltage (V) W = Q x V Power (P) = Current (I) x Voltage (V) P= V x I b) Using Ohms law explain how power can also be expressed in terms of I and R, and, V and R. P= V2/R P = I2R C) An e.m.f. of 250V is connected across a circuit resistance and the electric current through the circuit resistance is 4A. What is the power dissipated in the circuit? 2.6 a) To discover the potential difference across the winding we use Ohms law as follows: Voltage (V) = Current (I) X Resistance (R) V= 5A X 100ÃŽÂ © V = 500V b) If we wish to find the power dissipated by that same coil we use our equations for power: Power (W) = Voltage (V) X Current (I) P= 500V x 5A P = 2500 Watts 2.7 A 12V battery is connected a load having a resistance of 40ÃŽÂ ©. a) Determine the current flowing in the load. For this we must again use Ohms law rearranged to make I the subject. I = V /R I = 12V / 40ÃŽÂ © I = 0.3 Amps Determine the power consumed by the load. To calculate this we use our power equation again using the figure we just calculated for the current. P = VI P = 12V x 0.3A P = 3.6 watts c) Determine the electrical energy dissipated in 2 minutes. Electrical Energy (W) = Charge (Q) x Volts (V) Current is charge per second and we discovered that this circuit runs 0.3Amps, finding how much energy is dissipated in 2mins first requires changing minutes to seconds. 2mins = 120 seconds W = Q x V W = (120 X 0.3) x 12V W = 432 Watts 2.8 a) Explain what is meant by one unit of electricity with reference to Electrical Charge (Q), Voltage (V) and Time (T). A standard unit of electricity is usually calculated as a Kilowatt-hour (KWh), Which is 1000 watts of electricity dissipated for one hour. SEE MY BOOK ON THIS b) Determine the power dissipated by the element of an electric fire of resistance 20à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ when a current of 10A flows through it. For this situation we are provided with the current at 10A and the resistance at 20à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ therefore we can use our power equation to find how much power is dissipated. P = I2R P = 102 x 20 P = 2000 watts c) If the fire is on for 6 hours determine the energy used and the cost if 1 unit of electricity costs 13p. Firstly we take the power consumption in watts from we determined in question b then apply the following equation to it: Cost per Unit x Watts / 1000 Multiply the per-hour cost by the running time. 26p x 6h =  £1.56p 2.9 Analyse this resistors in series circuit: a) Express V in terms of V1, V2 and V3. VT = V1 + V2 + V3 Voltages in this circuit will each have a different value if the resistances are different but if you add all the values together they should in total equal the supply voltage. b) Express the total circuit resistance (RT) in terms of R1, R2 and R3. Resistances in series always add together. This can be expressed as: RT = R1 + R2 + R3 c) Express in terms of I what the electric current is through the ammeter-A, R1, R2 and R3. In a series circuit the current is the same in any part of the circuit so readings using the ammeter would be the same as any reading taken on each of the resisters R1, R2 or R3. 2.10 A 12V battery is connected across a circuit having three series-connected resistors of resistances 4à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦, 9à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ and 11à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦. a) Determine the electric current through the circuit. As this is a series circuit the current would be the same throughout the circuit, to calculate this we must use ohms law, first we know that resistances add together in a series circuit to give the resistance total. 4à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ + 9à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ + 11à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ = RT = 24à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ Then we must implement Ohms law: I =V/R I = 12V / 24à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ I = 0.5A b) Determine the p.d. across the 9à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ resistor. Via Ohms law and our previous current calculation, we calculate the voltage across the 9à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ resister. V2 = I x R1 V2 = 0.5 x 9 V2 = 4.5 Volts c) Determine the power dissipated in the 11à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ resistor. P = I2R P3 = 0.52 x 11 P3 = 2.75 W 2.11 Two resistors are connected in series across a 24V supply with a flow of electric current of 3A within the circuit. If one of the resistors has a resistance of 2à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ determine: a) The value of the other resistor. R2 = RT R1 R2 = 8 2 R2 = 6à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ Trusting in Ohms law we can find the value of the other resistor using the values given for total voltage and current and knowing that resistances in series add together to give the resistance total. RT = V/I RT = 24/3 RT = 8à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ b) The p.d. across the 2à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ resistor. Solving this requires Ohms law. V1 = I x R1 V1 = 3A x 2ÃŽÂ © V1 = 6 Volt c) How much energy is used if the circuit is connected for 50 hours. P=VI P=24v x 3 P=72W 50h = 180000s W = Q x V Q (charge) = I (current) x t (time) W =180000 x 72 W = 12960000 Watt/joules 2.12 Analyse the resistors in parallel circuit. a) In terms of V, express the p.d. across R1, R2, and R3. V= I1R1 = I2R2 = I3R3 We see that the voltage is the same across each resistor. b) Express the total load current I in terms of I1, I2, and I3. 2.13 For the circuit shown below, determine: a) The reading on the ammeter, In a purely parallel circuit the voltage will be the same in each branch of the circuit. V=I x R V = I1 x R1 V = 8 x 5 = 40V I = V/R3 I = 40/20 = 2A b) The value of resistor R2. We now have all the values for I, = 11 8 2 = 1A R2 = V/I2 R2 = 40/1 R2 = 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 2.14 Find the value of resistor that can replace the six resistors in this diagram. We know that resistances in series can be added together to give the total resistance, in this example we have a parallel network of resisters in series with 3 more resisters. Treating this parallel network as a single resistance will allow us to calculate the total resistance of the circuit easily. Convert the resistances to conductance: Adding them together gives us the total conductance 0.52G This can then easily be converted to resistance. Now the parallel circuit can be treated as a single resister, we can add all the resistors together and find the total resistance of the circuit giving us the value of a resister we can replace it with. 2.15 Analyse the circuit below and determine: The currents I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, and I6 We can treat the two sets of parallel resisters as single resisters if we first convert them to conductance and then for each add the conductances together then convert back to resistance. For the set of 3 parallel resisters: The Set of two: The three resisters can be added to give our RT We can now add these conductances together giving us our total conductance for the set of two resistors. This can then be converted to a combined resistance easily: We now proceed to do this for the set of three resistors: We now have the equivalent of 3 resistors in series, which we know can be added together to create a single resistance: Now that we know the total resistance for the circuit we can find I1 easily using Ohms law: We must now find the voltages V1, V2 and V3 in order to later find the currents through the network branches. =20V And now V2 Next I will calculate V3 We can check this by adding all of the voltages to see if they equal the total voltage we have been given. This is over by 1.4V but I believe this is due to the compound effects of the rounding bug and that the calculations made are correct. We know that the current through I1 is 5A now we will work out the currents through the branches of the parallel resistances using Ohms law: 2.16 State Kirchoffs first (current) law. Show that the currents I2 and I3 combined are equal to the input current I1 Kirchhoffs Current Law states: The sum of the currents entering a particular point must be zero. So all currents entering a point must equal all the currents flowing from it. Therefore we must now think of the currents flowing from the junction as negative currents. i1  +  i2  +  i3  +  i4  = 0 Observing our circuit we see 11A of current going in, this means that the same amount of current must come out. Therefore To prove this we calculate I1 and I2 using Ohms law I2= V/R I2=10/10 I2= 1A I3= V/R I3=10/1 I3= 10A We can now calculate I1 expecting it to equal our given figure of 11A. I1= I2 + I3 I1=10+1 I1=11A 2.17 Using Kirchhoffs first (current) law, calculate current I1 and I2 in the network below. Kirchhoffs first current law states that the sum of the current entering a point must be zero. Examining the junctions we have 1.2A and 4.5A flowing in and 0.6A and I1 are flowing out. 1.2 +4.5 = I1+0.6 1.2 + 4.5 0.6 = I1 I1= 5.1A For I2 there are three currents flowing in but none flowing out. This must mean that the last value is a negative value. 5.1+3 + I3 = 0 8.1 + I3 =0 I3 = 8.1A 2.18 The potential divider shown below is used as a simple voltage calibrator. Determine the output voltage produced by the circuit: (a) When the output terminals are left open-circuit (i.e. when no load is connected); We can solve this using the Voltage Divider Rule. Connecting a resistor to V-out will create a parallel resistor network. We can use the product over sum formula to find the comparable resistance because there are only two resistors. to 1 dp With this information we can calculate the voltage. V=0.2V 1dp 2.19 A moving coil meter requires a current of 1 mA to provide full-scale deflection. If the meter coil has a resistance of 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ and is to be used as a milliammeter reading 5 mA full-scale, determine the value of parallel shunt resistor required. REVIEW ME Make the meter useable over 5ma by adding a resistor to switch the range of the meter like you would on a none autorangeing multimeter. This is done by adding a resistor IN PARALLEL with the meter. 2.20 Two resistors, one of 15 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ and one of 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ are connected in parallel. If a current of 2 A is applied to the combination, determine the current flowing in each resistor. As there is only two resistors we can use our product over sum equation to find the total value of resistance the parallel network provides. Using this we are now able to find the voltage. Now we can find the current through each branch, I1: I=V/R I1 = 7.5/15 I1 = 0.5A I2: I=V/R I2 = 7.5/5 I 2= 1.5A 2.21 A switched attenuator comprises five 1 kà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ resistors wired in series across a 5V d.c. supply. If the output voltage is selected by means of a single-pole four-way switch, sketch a circuit and determine the voltage produced for each switch position 1KÃŽÂ © 1KÃŽÂ © 5V Switch 1KÃŽÂ © 1KÃŽÂ © Vout Answer: 1V, 2V, 3V, 4V, 5V 2.22 With the aid of a diagram, briefly explain in your own words Kirchhoffs second law. In an electronic loop the sum of all the voltages around the circuit taking polarity into account will equal zero. For example if you where to travel around a circuit following conventional current taking the voltage at each resistance including the battery and added all of those voltages up including negative voltages the sum would equal zero. We would see that the battery would give the circuit charge a EMF while all of the resistances would dissipate this force. 2.23 Using Kirchhoffs second law, determine the value of e.m.f. (E) in the circuit below. E+5=14 E= 14-5 E=9V 2.24 Using Kirchhoffs laws together with the use of simultaneous equations, determine the current flowing in each branch of the network shown in the circuit below. Here we are presented with essentially two loops of current where readings in the connecting part of the loops will be affected by one another. We will use Kirchoffs laws to solve the problem by first treating the current as two separate loops. We use simultaneous equations to find our two unknowns I1 and I2 . Loop Two E2 = I2r2 + (I1 + I2)R 2 = I2 + 4I1 + 4I2 2 = 4I1 + 5I2 Loop One E1 = I1r1 + (I1 + I2)R 4 = 2I1 + 4I1 + 4I2 4 = 6I1 + 4I2 6I1 = 4 4I2 Substitute I1 into the second loop. Amps As we have obtained I1 we can now work on I2 4 = 6I1 + 4I2 R=I1+I2 2.25 Analyse the circuit shown below and determine the following parameters a) The current in each branch of the circuit. I1 = I2 = 1.233A b) The voltage across the load resistance. 0.426 c) The power dissipated by the load resistor. P= d) Use computer software to verify your results. 26) A temperature sensor is connected into a bridge measuring circuit as shown. If the value of the sensor is 110R at 0oC and it increases by 0.2% for every degree the temperature rises and falls a corresponding amount if the temperature drops. What voltage will be output on the voltmeter when the temperature is :- (a) 25oC (b) 100oC (c) -40oC Build the circuit using Multisim and demonstrate your answer to part (b) is correct. First we will calculate how the changes in temperature will affect the resistance of the sensor: Now we must find the voltage for the left hand side of this wheatstone bridge. V1=3V And now the right hand side of the bridge, this will vary each time as the resistance of the sensor changes. Firstly we will be doing question a) with the sensor representing 115.1ÃŽÂ ©: The reading on the voltmeter will be the difference between those two calculations b) Now we continue the calculations for the second value of resistance for the sensor. With the sensor representing 132ÃŽÂ ©: The reading on the voltmeter will be the difference between those two calculations c) Now we continue the calculations for the third value of resistance for the sensor. With the sensor representing 132ÃŽÂ ©: The reading on the voltmeter will be the difference between those two calculations 2.27 For the Wheatstone Bridge circuit below, what value of R1 will produce a balanced bridge? Using your calculated answer build the circuit in Multisim and demonstrate your answer is correct. 2.28 A 1m long resistive wire of uniform cross section is connected to a 6V source as shown. If a sliding contact is placed 0.35m from one end and connected to an unknown e.m.f. then no current is measured on the ammeter. A) What it the value of the unknown e.m.f.? This can be solved using the voltage division rule.

Coleridges Kubla Khan and the Process of Creativity Essay -- Coleridg

Coleridge's Kubla Khan and the Process of Creativity Coleridge's " Kubla Khan" is an extremely enchanting poem which is based around the 'stately pleasure dome' of the emperor, Kubla Khan. Although the poem is set around this pleasure dome, it can be noticed that the poem had profound depth to it. If one is able to understand the hidden symbols and meanings within the poem, it becomes clear that Coleridge's " Kubloa Khan" does not simply describe a pleasure dome, it is also a prolonged metaphore for the process of creativity. From the immediate start of the poem, the reader finds themselves subjected to interprete these hidden symbols. ' In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure dome decree; Where Alph, the sacred river ran' Although this passage seems straight forward, it contains the essential first three symbols of which the entire poem is based upon. ' Xanadu' symbolises the poet's mind, as Xanadu like the mind is the site where all the forecoming events take place. Kubla Khan actually exsisted in real life as the sole ruler of an Asian empire and had an extreme amount of power. This is why perhaps, Coleridge chose Kubla Khan to represent the poet, ( himself). This would not have been an extraordinary choice for Coleridge to make, as he belonged to a group of poets called the Romantics who believed that they could see things clearer and feel emotions and experiences more intensely than other people. Kubla Khan's power over his empire of Xanadu would therefore represent the poet's power and control over his mind. The sacred river, 'Alph' symbolises the poet's imagination. This symbol is exceptionally significant as the poem follows the path of the flowing river and therefore enables the read... ...d off by inspiration. The process is amazingly powerful and both mentally and physically tiring and it's results, like the pleasure dome of Xanadu are remarkable. Coleridge uses many clever techniques such as alliteration, methaphores, onamatapeia, comparisons and hidden symbols to emphasise the impact and intensity of the process of creativity. Coleridge also structures his poem to suit the style of his poem. The first stanza, gives an insight in to what it to come and what can be acheived by the process of creativity and acts as a sort of introduction for the process. The second stanza is extremely detailed and lively and shows the actual process of creativity. The third stanza almost defends Coleridge's work and ends the poem with the message that no-one could ever understand let alone feel the Coleridge's experiences in the way that he can and does.

Interpersonal skills are the life skill Essay

Interpersonal skills are the life skills all the human-being used every day to contact and interface with others, both separately and in groups. People who have worked on growing strong interpersonal skills are normally more successful in their masterly and personal live. Good interpersonal skills allow us to participate effectively as a member of a team. Moreover, employability skills can be defined as the transferable skills needed by a personal. Beside with good practical understanding and issue knowledge, employers often summarize a set of skills that they want from an employee. According to Cotton (2001), he said employers want employees to possess employability skills; that employers value generic employability skills over specific occupational (technical) skills; and that employers consider many entry?level job applications to lack the required employability skills and express deep concerns regarding this deficiency. It is a fair conclusion then that those skills bracketed wit hin the term â€Å"employability skills† are fast becoming a requirement for employment rather than desirable, and that employers see the responsibility for the development of such skills lying with educational institutions. According to the personal strength survey results, I am a committed and responsible teammate, I always do my own part well, and I will contribute for the success of my group work. Moreover, I never give up anything halfway. I will nonetheless of what I do, I commence it with anticipation and vitality. Additionally, I will not get disturbed when I work, and I take happiness in completing tasks. I work hard to finish what I begin. No matter what project I get, I will submit my work in time. Uniquely, I usually offer the people who make wrong a second chance and I forgive those who done me wrong. For me, my personal principle is be mercy not revenge to others. Furthermore, I do a great job organizing activities and supervise that what they work. I will stay harmony within the group by making everyone feel themselves is the one of the significant and encouraging a group to get the tasks done. Besides that, the people who feel most close to me are the same people to whom I feel most close . In particular those in which caring and sharing are reciprocated. As well, my family members and my friends understand that I am an appreciative person because I usually demonstrate my thanks to them. I am aware of the great things that happen at me, and I never take them as allowed. Comparatively, I am an honest person, whether by telling the truth or by living my life in an  authentic and true way. I am down to this world and without dissimulation. Likewise, my attitude aspect my actions and are an origin of repose to me. I also have reasonable and strong attitude about the higher motivation and meaning of the circle. In contrast, I am not a creativity person, I could not find something new and more creative when presenting something. I will improve my creativity by read the magazines, trade journals, and other literature in my field to make sure I am not outdated. Other than that, I must gain creative as my hobbies. Hobbies can also help me to relax. An active mind is necessary for creative growth. Furthermore, I am weak on making judgement. Sometimes I cannot make a decision when facing problem. Although I know that is an important thing, but I am not able to change my mind. I have to solve this weakness from myself, I have to truly believe I have the authority and power to turn our judgement and decision history around. Based on the employability skills survey results, one of my powerful employability skills is negotiating and persuading. Mainly, I would expanding a line of reasoned disagreement and importance the positive views of my argument. Similarly, I will understanding the needs of the person I am trading with at all the time. This is because we can know more details of the person and what he needs. I also like to challenge the points of view expressed by others. Of course, my co-operating skills is very strong. I can focus on the behaviour which need to be improved and being confident rather than obedient and energetic. Not only I presenting my own plan effectively in a group but also proceed a part of the responsibility in a group. I can giving enthusiastic, useful feedback to others and learning from enthusiastic evaluation. My written communication is one of my weakness. For example, I cannot analysing, gathering and arranging data in a rational section. In the same way, I also cannot succeed my disagreement in a rational way and briefly outline the content. But I will try to improve this weakness by thinking trough in advance what I want to say. Moreover, I will adopting my writing style for different audiences. In my opinion, many people think an occupation for life is no longer a choice nowadays. Most people will hold their career with a diversity of employers and pass across different employment zone through their working life. We all need to be adjustable in our working arrangements and be  prepared to change jobs or sectors if we have confident in a better chances. But most of the employer require the employee should work well with other people, including the ability to work co-operatively towards common goals, provide a high level of customer services. Hence, we have to understand our interpersonal and employability skill, so that we can improve our weakness as well. References 1) Cotton, K. (2001), Developing Employability Skills, Northwest Regional Educational Research Laboratory, Portland, OR, available at: www.nwrel.org/scpd/sirs/8/c015.html (accessed 18November2014).

Great college application essay online

Great college application essay online College application essay It is crucial to understand that writing a college application essay is a troublesome task that requires much time, diligence and patience. A lot depends on the efficiency of this specific paper, as it is one of the key factors that determine whether you are enrolled in a college of your dream. You are an ambitious person willing to pursue a career after you get excellent education. You have chosen a college and want to study there. Everything is in your hands, but the task is actually not an easy one. Be ready to overcome a number of problems and hardships on your way to a dream. The task can be accomplished only if you realize all the challenges and have thorough understanding of what you need to do. One of the things you are expected to do is submitting a flawless common application essay that will impress the committee. You will be enrolled only if you cope with writing this paper perfectly. It is a time-consuming task to write a good college application essay, but that time is worth it. It actually determines your future success and well-being. Unfortunately, a lot of applicants fail in writing good essays and cannot make their dreams come true. Summon up your strength and achieve what you really want. Assistance with College Application Essays If you are scared of the prospect to spend days on writing, cheer up! You live in the century of dramatic changes and rapid progress. The technological advancement means that there are numerous online services that you can use. You are not supposed to do everything by yourself. When you need a service or some goods, just find them online. A top notch application essay is also easy to get. Just place your order at, a reliable online writing service, and get a custom written paper in no time. Fill in the order form, pay for the essay and choose from a great number of college application essay topics. Our experienced writers will meet your deadline and provide a great paper for you. They are creative and responsible; so, all the ideas in the essay will be unique. No plagiarism! No copy pasting! There is nothing to worry about if you use the services of. Order Application Essays from Us! If you are looking for someone who knows how to write a college application essay, you are at the right place. We will make sure that you will be enrolled in the college of your dreams. All our writers are knowledgeable, creative and diligent. You will surely obtain a perfect essay whatever topic or deadline you choose. It is important to follow a college application essay format. If you know that it will be challenging for you, we will assign one of the best writers to work on the paper in accordance with all the requirements. You chances to get enrolled in the college go up if we work on the essay you submit. There are a lot of college application essay questions, and we know how to address them properly. It is beneficial for you to deal with us. Get more free time while we are working on the paper. Enjoy communication with your friends and family instead of spending hours in front of your computer. Let us know that you have problems with your paper, and we will lend you a helping hand. Our qualified writers are ready to start the very moment you place your first order. Make your life easier and more comfortable! Get a perfect essay from an expert in writing admission papers.How to Format a College Application Essay: Expert Tips Application essay writing can be a truly interesting process since it requires telling a personal story focusing on ones own personal qualities, which makes the author different from the crowd. Unfortunately, some students cannot cope with this assignment successfully since they do not know the essentials of application essay writing. If you also do not know how to format a college application essay, check out our helpful tips. 1. Read Your Prompt Carefully The common mistake of many students is that they miss important points required in the prompt. To avoid this mistake, you need to read your prompt thoroughly. We assure you that taking time to understand the instruction well will help you avoid unpleasant surprises when the paper is written. Moreover, when the essay is completed, check again if it follows the prompt precisely because the major part of your grade depends on meeting the requirements. Usually, the application essay requires developing one-two interesting ideas that can help reveal your personality. Such an essay is a wonderful chance for you to demonstrate your creativity, so you need to dedicate enough time and efforts to writing it. Before brainstorming, think about the purpose of your writing. Are you going to persuade your reader of something? Defend your viewpoint? Tell the story? Whatever the purpose is, do not even try to neglect this assignment. Remember that it is one more step towards the academic success. Cannot find out how to format a college application essay? Avoid searching for the pre-written application essays on your topic. Undoubtedly, there are manys available online, however, we assure you that submitting such a paper, you will be accused of plagiarism that will cause many problems in your educational institution. Moreover, these essays will not help you reach your goal and demonstrate your personal strengths. So, get ready to the interesting writing process and go ahead! 2. Brainstorm Brainstorming is an entertaining process that helps the writer abstract and think about the topic. So, get rid of all distractors and write down every thought that comes to your head within the scope of your topic. Do not be afraid if these ideas seem irrelevant or weird. They are just needed for you to understand the topic better and listen to yourself. Indeed, the brainstorming process may be even more tedious than the writing itself since it aims to flash out all the possible ideas that will be developed further. Reflect on your topic. If your topic is to write your personal story, think about how would you describe yourself. How would your friends describe you? When reflecting, try to understand what makes you better than other applicants. Write down all the ideas. Indeed, there is no a better technique than writing down the idea right after it comes to your head. Narrow down the written ideas. Now it is time to focus on the most meaningful ideas. Choose the ones that will fit the prompt best of all and reveal your potential. Choosing the most interesting points, think about your audience. What ideas can be interesting to your reader? Choose one story that seems the most appropriate and exciting and develop it. Remember that this story should be a perfect demonstration of your skills, abilities, beliefs, and achievements. 3. Create an Outline A good outline serves as the map for you to avoid getting lost in the variety of your ideas. We assure you that the outline is the inevitable part of writing a good essay. Even the experienced cooks rely on their recipes because they do not want to miss the important points. After brainstorming, you will know what to say whereas after creating the outline, you will know how to say it. A good outline breaks down the essay into several sections: All stories should have the beginning, the development, and the culmination. Writing an application essay, you also need to shape it so that it could have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Following the classic structure, you will be able to make your essay coherent and easy-to-read. Think about a strategy. Your introduction should contain an interesting hook that will engage your reader from the very first lines. Do you want to start with an appropriate anecdote? Not bad. Your introduction identifies not only the topic but also the tone in which the story will be told. Stick to your own voice and writing style. It is particularly important for you to sound natural when writing an application essay. 4. Start Writing the Essay At this stage, you know what to write and how to write, So, go ahead, take your laptop, and start creating your application essay. Following your outline point by point, you will be impressed how easy it is to hop from one idea to another. However, do not forget to use the transition words to make your writing smoother and more coherent. Try not to lose the attention of your reader from the first lines until the end. Be specific. Try to avoid the clichs, jargon, and predictable phrases since thee will spoil the overall impression of your essay. Be yourself. Do not be afraid to sound too selfish when speaking about your strengths. The application officers have read hundreds, if not thousands, of application essays, and they are tired of reading the same things again and again. To assess your essay with the positive grade, they want it to be creative, eye-catching, and thought-provoking. Using the humor whenever it is appropriate is always a good option. Be concise. Do not use 100 words if 50 will do. Follow your word count requirements and do not exceed it. 5. Proofread Your Essay This is the last stage of the writing process. Even if you think that your essay is written perfectly, do not hesitate to proofread it and fix all mistakes. We assure you that the typos or grammatical errors will show your carelessness and irresponsible attitude to work, which would significantly reduce your chances for getting the desired grade. Below you will find a few tips for better proofreading: Give yourself some time. When the essay is written, wait for a while before proofreading it. Taking a pause will help you become more attentive and focused when proofreading. Do not rely on the grammar checking programs too much. Undoubtedly, you may use the computer check but only as the additional option. The computer cannot detect the context in which you use the words, therefore, such a check cannot be considered as valid. Let another person read your essay. He/she will notice the mistakes and tell you if the essay sounds interesting. Finally, submit your essay within the deadline specified. Still do not know what to write in college application essay? We assure you that the best option is to write about something outstanding; something that makes you different from others. In conclusion, we hope that our tips will help you understand how to format a college application essay. Keep in mind that dedicating much time and efforts to the writing process, you will be able to impress the application committee and achieve the desired outcome.College Application Essay Doctor of Pharmacy degree program is one of the programs which every health professional should not hesitate to undertake. This is based on the fact that the program fuels the development of the health professionals in the field. The vision and the learning system applied in the system are geared towards the improvement of the skills of the learners. The College of The Pharmacy and Health Sciences is led by certain set of core values. One of the core values of the school is innovation. Innovation is one of the most important attributes that helps in the development of the heath professionals. This value is applied with the help of intensified research. The college offers opportunity to the learners to conduct research on different areas of the study. Through this process, the program assists me to gain knowledge on application of different concepts that are necessary for a health professional. Another core value that is emphasized by the school is caring. The main duty of a healthcare professional is to care for the sick. This core value will therefore help me in execution of my duties as a healthcare professional at a greater extent. I will gain those caring aspects required for the healthcare professional thereby improving my competence. The University has a well developed block schedule system. This system allows me to take few classes in a long duration of time. The system also ensures that every topic is given enough time to practice and analyze what has been learnt. In the process, I will be able to capture every concept making me a competent health care professional. The process will also reduce time wastage because there will be no frequent shifting from one class to another. I could then use the spared time to learn more things that will help me in improving my skills. Through the system of block scheduling, I will be able to acquire time saving skills. Time is a very important but scarce factor in every profession. By acquiring these skills, I will be able to perform my duties exhaustively in order to maximize the utility derived by the patients from my services. Another benefit of studying University is that the students affairs office assists the students in getting internships and employment. This is by putting electronic notice boards on all strategic places which informs the students about the available positions. This helps the students in gaining the necessary work experience hence fostering their career development. University has been ranked top ten in the South as the most comprehensive universities in U.S. News World Reports. It has also been ranked number 8 in the South as the Best Regional Universities. This provides a good reputation which may help me to secure a very competitive job in the leading health institutions. In these institutions, I will be able to interact with highly experienced staff that will assist me in building my career as a healthcare professional. In conclusion, the above discussion has clearly indicated the benefits of participation in the Doctor of Pharmacy degree program. The program is designed in a way such that the students would gain maximum benefits from it. It is therefore advisable for all students who are wishing to pursue a career as healthcare professionals to choose this school.

Definition and Examples of Red Herrings in Logic

Definition and Examples of Red Herrings in Logic In logic and rhetoric, a red herring is an observation that draws attention away from the central issue in an argument or discussion; an informal logical fallacy. Also called a decoy. In certain types of fiction (especially in mystery and detective stories), authors deliberately use red herrings as a plot device to mislead readers (metaphorically, to throw them off the scent) in order to maintain interest and generate suspense.The term red herring (an idiom) supposedly arose from the practice of distracting hunting dogs by dragging a smelly, salt-cured herring across the trail of the animal they were pursuing. Examples and Observations A red herring is a detail or remark inserted into a discussion, either intentionally or unintentionally, that sidetracks the discussion. The red herring is invariably irrelevant and is often emotionally charged. The participants in the discussion go after the red herring and forget what they were initially talking about; in fact, they may never get back to their original topic.(Robert J. Gula, Nonsense: Red Herrings, Straw Men and Sacred Cows: How We Abuse Logic in Our Everyday Language. Axios, 2007)Some analysts even question the widespread assumption that rising consumption in developing nations will continue to force up food prices. Paul Ashworth, senior international economist at Capital Economics, calls that argument a red herring, saying that consumption of meat in China and India has reached a plateau.(Patrick Falby, Economy: Panicked About Expensive Food And Oil? Don’t Be. Newsweek, Dec. 31, 2007-Jan. 7, 2008) Alastair Campbells Red Herring Credit where credit is due. In the space of a couple of days, Alastair Campbell has managed to turn an argument about the way the government presented its case for war in Iraq into an entirely different dispute about the way the BBC covered what was going on in Whitehall at the time. As a piece of news management, it has been brilliantly done. Hats off to Mr Campbell for the way he pulled the trick. It is easy to imagine, in years to come, how a new generation of trainee spin doctors will be raised on this case study of how the master was able to wrongfoot his tormentors so successfully.Brilliant or not, what Mr. Campbell has achieved is largely a classic use of a very pungent red herring. The BBCs reporting, though important, is not in fact the real issue; that is the strength of the case for action against Iraq. Nor is the red herring within a red herring about single sourced stories really relevant either; if your source is good enough, then the story is too.(Labours Phoney War, T he Guardian [UK],  June 28, 2003) Red Herrings in a Henning Mankell Mystery Novel There is something in the report that disturbs me, [President de Clerk] said. Let us assume there are red herrings laid out in appropriate places. Let us imagine two different sets of circumstances. One is that its me, the president, who is the intended victim. Id like you to read the report with that in mind, Scheepers. Id also like you to consider the possibility that these people intend to attack both Mandela and myself. That doesnt mean Im excluding the possibility that it really is Mandela these lunatics are after. I just want you to think critically about what you are doing. Pieter van Heerden was murdered. That means there are eyes and ears everywhere. Experience has taught me that red herrings are an important part of intelligence work. Do you follow me?(Henning Mankell,  The White Lioness, trans. by Laurie Thompson. The New Press, 2011) The Lighter Side of Red Herrings What about Red Herring, maam?Im not sure. Is Red Herring a red herring?  Or is it the fact that were meant to think  Red Herring is a  red herring that is actually the red herring?Or perhaps the fact youre meant to think Red Herring isnt a red herring is what makes Red Herring a red herring after all.Were talking serious metaherrings here.(Jasper Fforde, One of Our Thursdays Is Missing. Viking, 2011)

Risk Factors Associated with Adolescent Suicide Essay

Risk Factors Associated with Adolescent Suicide - Essay Example This rising trend, particularly in the 15-19 age group placed suicide as the leading cause of death for males and the third most common cause of death for females. As a result of these figures, suicidal behaviour in adolescents became a major health concern in both developed and developing countries. This paper will review studies that seek to identify risk factors in adolescent suicide. The research will pertain to two dissimilar geographical areas and their social milieu, namely New Zealand (the Beautrais, Drummond, Fortune, Heled, Langford, and Fleming studies) and Korea (the Lee, Park, and Kim studies). Half a world apart, the two countries have recorded rising incidences of suicide and suicide ideation among the children and adolescents in their societies. The aim of this study of both countries is to gain knowledge which would help implement new strategies to reduce the rising suicide figures. The study shall employ the Comparative Social Science Approach as research framework. Theoretical Framework This paper shall employ a variant of the Comparative Social Science Approach, a framework for cross border research projects carried out by international researchers. The framework is one of the several paradigms endorsed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. While this exercise does not employ a network of researchers, for which the framework is best suited, it is however useful in structuring a comparative study across borders, such as this one. The framework entails identification and discussion of the following elements: (1) Identification of criteria in the context of cross comparison and transferability (2) A better grasp of cross-national phenomena (3) Collective learning for the benefit of research for action. The first step indicates that there are varied criteria for research that would be relevant to each country specifically. However, there would also be criteria which would be relevant to both social environment s, and therefore would prove useful in the transference and comparison of information across the theoretical divide. While the first step seeks what are common between the two societies, the second step entails an understanding of the differences between the two settings. An appreciation of the country-specific elements would shed light on the nature of the phenomenon studied – in this case, the incidence and ideation of suicide among adolescents. This understanding would prove invaluable in determining the usefulness and validity of the findings on the basis of the geographical location. Finally, the collective learning gathered should yield recommendations that would prove useful in the preparation of an action plan. Discussion of the academic literature Before applying the framework, the topic of study should first be compared for compatibility. The studies appear to agree that previous suicide attempts are predictive of future suicidal behaviours (Fleming et al, 2007: 214 ), with an important qualification. However, the New Zealand studies tackled the matter of fatal suicides – attempts that had resulted in a death. The Korean studies, on the other hand, dealt with suicide ideation, without information on suicide fatalities. The Kim study refers to an article published by Myers et al (1991) which states it would be inappropriate to generalize results from those who have attempted suicide to suicide ideators and adolescents who have actually committed suicide, as there may be qualitative differences in these groups. The Fleming et al study indirectly supports this theory when it quotes the work of Evans et al (2005) which states ‘few young people who report to have tried to kill themselves may in fact have wished to die, and very few

Study of World Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Study of World Cultures - Essay Example They include the involvement with cross-functional groups, coordination of order specifications with suppliers, supervision of work across cultures or countries, negotiation of terms with offshore business partners, expanding operations to new countries and forming mergers with competitors. Boundaries come with challenges, which managers need to understand. Boundaries can cause investment losses, customer service failure, and unmotivated employees who are unwilling to span boundaries. The factors contributing to the emergence of boundary problems in organizations relate to Cultural Communication Dimensions and Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions. The most important cultural communication dimensions relate to language and cultural differences. As such, various people in the entrepreneurial world have different languages of communication. Moreover, they also have their cultural alignments, which may not permit cross-cultural communications. Cultural obstacles at the micro and macro scales can deter boundary spanning. At the macro level, cultural issues occur when firms communicate across their territorial boundaries. It may include instances when international corporations work with units from other nations. For instance, the United States may outsource Indian experts to offer IT services. Micro-cultural issues refer to the corporate culture created in the various departments of an organization. The communication pattern is one cultural dimension that affects the working relationship between Westerners and Asians. While the westerners often prefer communicating through verbal signs, the Asians opt to be non-verbal. Westerners and North American cultures value clarity and directness. By contrast, Asian cultures value ambiguity, politeness, and indirectness. Asian and American business cultures also differ on the cultural dimension of action. For instance, Asians will not openly reject a proposal since they value